Components of infrared laser diode technology

从信息传输链的设计方案出发，把红外技术的组成可以分成发射、传输和接收三个方面：

Based on the design scheme of the information transmission chain, the composition of infrared technology can be divided into three aspects: transmission, transmission and reception:

1.发射方面

1 emission aspects

人工：产生红外辐射，辐射调制、发射天线;

Artificial: produce infrared radiation, radiation modulation, transmit antenna;

天然：各种天然的和人造的物体发射的红外辐射;

Natural: infrared radiation emitted by a variety of natural and man-made objects;

2传输

2 transmission

红外辐射的传输通常不要求通过介质，大气对它的影响;红外辐射与物质的相互作用过程中的衰减(吸收和散射);红外光缆。

Infrared radiation transmission is usually not required by the media, the impact of the atmosphere on it; infrared radiation and the interaction of the material in the process of attenuation (absorption and scattering); infrared optical cable.

3.接收方面

3 reception area

接收镜头：辐射滤光片;

Receiving lens: radiation filter;

辐射探测器：红外辐射能转变成电能，或者把一种波长的辐射转变为另一种波长的辐射;

Radiation detector: infrared radiation can be converted into electrical energy, or the radiation of a wavelength into another wavelength of radiation;

致冷器：探测器致冷在某一确定的工作温度;

Cooler: detector cooling in a certain temperature;

电信号处理和滤波;

Electrical signal processing and filtering;

信号显示。

Signal display.

红外激光二极管技术的革命性的变化表现在

The revolutionary change of infrared laser diode technology is shown in

1.探测器的光谱响应从短波扩展到长波;

The spectral response of the 1 detector extends from the short wave to the long wave;

2.探测器从单元发展到多元、从多元发展到焦平面;

2 detectors from the unit to the development of diverse, from the multiple development to the focal plane;

3.发展了种类繁多的探测器和系统;

3 developed a wide variety of detectors and systems;

4.从单波段探测向多波段探测发展.

4 from single band detection to multi band detection development.

5.从室温探测器发展到制冷型探测器，再从制冷型探测器发展到室温探测器。

5 from the room temperature detector to the development of refrigeration type detector, and then from the refrigeration type detector to room temperature detector.

6.从简单的信息处理技术发展到功能复杂而强大的信息处理技术。

6 from the simple information processing technology to the development of complex and powerful information processing technology.

红外激光二极管技术的主要应用

The main application of infrared laser diode technology

1.辐射测量和光谱辐射测量

1 measurement of radiation and spectral radiation

在科学研究中的应用：

Application in scientific research:

天气观察，空气污染检测，对农业、渔业和卫生的地面勘察，行星和恒星温度的测量，行星际和恒星际物质的检测，其他行星上植物的研究，地球热平衡的测量 .

Weather observation, detection of air pollution, ground of agriculture, fisheries and health survey, measurement of the temperature of the planets and stars, interplanetary and constant interstellar detection, plants on other planets, the heat balance of the earth measurement.

在医学中的应用：

Application in medicine:

表面温度的测量，器官中温度分布的研究，不解包扎而进行治疗过程的检查，呼吸的空气中和血液中的CO浓度的确定，航空和宇航医学中的温度测量。

Surface temperature measurement, study of the temperature distribution in the organs, and the determination of the CO concentration in the air and blood in the air and in the aerospace medicine were determined by the examination of the treatment process.

在军事技术中的应用：

Application in military technology:

地形分析，毒气探测，废气探测。

Topographic analysis, gas detection, exhaust gas detection.

在工业中的应用：

Application in industry:

非接触测温，生产过程的温度检查，机械设备和堆放材料中的危险过热警报，陆上、海上和空中运输装备的火灾报警装置，矿山和汽车工业中的CO测量仪，在电子技术、机械制造和核技术设施中探测焊接不良和有损伤的构件 。

Non contact temperature measurement, temperature examination of the production process, mechanical equipment and stacking materials in danger of overheating alarm, land, sea and air transport equipment of fire alarm device, mines and in the auto industry co measuring instrument, in electronics, machinery manufacturing and nuclear technology facilities detecting bad welding or damaged components.

2.能量辐射物的搜索和跟踪

2 searching and tracking of energy radiation

在科学研究中的应用：

Application in scientific research:

卫星探测与跟踪，宇航装置的导航，水平稳定器，太阳跟踪仪。

Satellite detection and tracking device, space navigation, horizontal stabilizer, solar tracker.

在军事技术中的应用：

Application in military technology:

火箭和飞机预警，防御火箭的控制，飞机控制，高射炮火控制仪，遥控引爆管，飞机碰撞预警 ，热象仪和夜视仪.

Rockets and early warning aircraft, rocket defense control, control aircraft, anti-aircraft fire control instrument, remote detonation tube, collision warning aircraft, thermal imager and night vision devices.

在科学研究中的应用：

Application in scientific research:

发现水质污染，火山和地震研究，石油勘探，冰川研究。

Discovery of water pollution, volcanic and seismic research, petroleum exploration, glacier research.

在医学中的应用：

Application in medicine:

肿瘤、创伤和血栓的确定，癌症早期检查，危险性中风的早期检查，医学动物实验的观察。

Determination of tumor, trauma and thrombosis, early examination of cancer, early examination of the risk of stroke, observation of medical animal experiment.

在军事技术中的应用：

Application in military technology:

驾驶员目视仪，瞄准仪，工兵眼镜，近场侦察，飞机着陆辅助器，低空飞机的地形侦察，带人或不带人飞行装置的战术前线侦察，伪装识别，卫星战略侦察。

Driver visual instrument, collimator, engineer glasses, near field reconnaissance, aircraft landing aid, terrain reconnaissance aircraft at low altitude, take a person or without tactical front-line reconnaissance flight device, recognition of camouflaged satellite strategic reconnaissance.

在工业中的应用：

Application in industry:

红外透射材料的结构检验，半导体元件和集成电路的质量检查，机器设备、电站、配电设备和变电站的监督，火灾的探测和监督，土质检测，收获量的估计、，鱼群探测，暴风探测，管道监控，查找建筑物中的不良热绝缘，火灾、害虫和传染病的预报，动物行为研究，刑事侦察仪，伪造品辨认。

Structural examination of infrared transmitting materials, quality inspection of semiconductor devices and integrated circuits, machinery and equipment, power station, power distribution equipment and substation supervision, fire detection and monitoring, soil testing, yield estimation, detection of fish, storm detection, pipeline monitoring, find the buildings in poor thermal insulation, fires, pests and diseases of the forecast, for the study of animal behavior, criminal reconnaissance device counterfeit identification.

3.通信和遥控

3 communication and remote control

在科学研究中的应用：

Application in scientific research:

对宇宙飞船或在宇宙飞船之间进行视频和音频传输，天文学中距离和速度的探测。

Video and audio transmission between the spacecraft and the spacecraft, and the distance and speed of the astronomy.

在军事技术中的应用：

Application in military technology:

视频和音频信息的传输和监听，威慑武器和制导武器的指令传输，海洋、陆地和空中目标的距离和速度测量。

Transmission of video and audio information, and monitoring of the transmission of the command, the distance and speed of the sea, land and air targets.

在工业中的应用：

Application in industry:

飞机和汽车防撞器，交通控制(计数和速度监督)，航空工具着陆辅助装置，航空和计量学中的高精度测量，多频道视频传输，数据传输。

Aircraft and vehicle collision avoidance, traffic control (counting and speed monitoring), air tool landing aids, high precision measurement in aviation and metrology, multi channel video transmission, data transmission.

红外激光二极管技术在我国的萌芽

The germination of infrared laser diode technology in China

1953年初，部分科学工作者开始做硫化铅红外探测器研究 ;

At the beginning of 1953, some scientists began to do research of PBS IR detector;

1958年秋，“55号任务”开始接触到现代红外技术;

In the fall of 1958, the "55 mission" began to come into contact with modern infrared technology;

1959年底，物理所做成一个供展览显示红外雷达原理的模型;

By the end of 1959, physics has made a model for the display of infrared radar;

1960年初物理所建立了以红外探测器为主要研究方向的第九研究室。

At the beginning of 1960, the Ninth Research Room of the main research direction of infrared detector was established.

红外专业研究所的建立及其发展

The establishment and development of infrared Specialty Research Institute

1964年昆明物理研究所成为全国第一个确定的红外技术专业性研究所。

Kunming Institute of physics in 1964 to become the country's first to determine the infrared technology research institute.

1964年在进一步的调整中，上海技物所转向红外研究，成为了专业的红外研究所，组成了两个红外探测器的研究室、一个红外系统的研究室、一个微型致冷器和热压透红外材料研究室。

In 1964 in further adjustment, the technique to study infrared, become a professional infrared study, consisting of two infrared detector, an infrared system, a micro induced by cold and hot pressing through infrared materials research laboratory.

大动乱末期，国内的红外技术已达到一定的规模：

At the end of the period of great unrest, the infrared technology in China has reached a certain scale:

国防科工委：5个红外技术专业所;

National Defense Science and Technology Commission: 5 infrared technology professional;

大学：5个红外技术专门化教研室;

University: 5 specialized infrared technology teaching and research section;

在地理上的分布也比较合适，华东2个，华中、西北和东北各1

Geographical distribution is also more appropriate, 2 in East China, central China, northwest and northeast of the 1